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Anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity: risk factors and therapeutic options in childhood cancers

  • NADIA PUMA1
  • ANTONIO RUGGIERO1
  • VITA RIDOLA1
  • PALMA MAURIZI1
  • ILARIA LAZZARESCHI1
  • GIORGIO ATTINÀ1
  • STEFANO MASTRANGELO1
  • GABRIELLA DE ROSA1
  • RICCARDO RICCARDI1

1Division of Pediatric Oncology, Pol. A. Gemelli Catholic University of Rome

DOI: 10.22514/SV31.042008.4 Vol.3,Issue 1,April 2008 pp.30-34

Published: 01 April 2008

*Corresponding Author(s): ANTONIO RUGGIERO E-mail: ruggiero@rm.unicatt.it

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Abstract

Anthracyclines play an important role in chemotherapeutic regimens for a wide spectrum of childhood tumors, but they can cause cytotoxic damage to cardiac cells, especially in combination with radiotherapy. Furthermore, cardiotoxicity increases with the cumulative dose and may lead to congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy. Other factors, including age, pre-existing cardiac disease, length of follow-up, gender, route of administration, concomitant exposure to some chemotherapeutic drugs, trisomy 21 and black race, play a role in increasing the risk of cardiac dysfunction. The prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is mandatory as children are expected to survive for decades after being cured of their cancer. The purpose of this work is to point out the major risk factors of cardiotoxicity in children and to summarize some strategies to limit or prevent this complication and to treat the development of acute heart failure. 

Keywords

anthracycline, cardiotox-icity, childhood cancer, risk factors, prevention, acute heart failure

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NADIA PUMA,ANTONIO RUGGIERO,VITA RIDOLA,PALMA MAURIZI,ILARIA LAZZARESCHI,GIORGIO ATTINÀ,STEFANO MASTRANGELO,GABRIELLA DE ROSA,RICCARDO RICCARDI. Anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity: risk factors and therapeutic options in childhood cancers. Signa Vitae. 2008. 3(1);30-34.

URL:

https://www.signavitae.com/articles/10.22514/SV31.042008.4

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