Title
Author
DOI
Article Type
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Adaptation and validation of a pediatric simulator to study the movement of the cervical spine
1UCAM, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
2Emergencies Medical Services 061 of the Region of Murcia, Health Service of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
3University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca de Murcia, Health Service of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
DOI: 10.22514/sv.2024.026 Vol.20,Issue 3,March 2024 pp.34-38
Submitted: 08 August 2023 Accepted: 24 October 2023
Published: 08 March 2024
*Corresponding Author(s): Manuel Pardo Ríos E-mail: mpardo@ucam.edu
This study focused on adapting and evaluating the reliability of a pediatric simulator to assess the mobility of the spinal cord in its cervical segment. A comparative analysis was conducted on cervical mobility of 4 adapted pediatric simulators followed by a reliability study of the simulator that demonstrated ideal mobility characteristics. The simulator with the type of movement that was most similar to real-life physiological movement was “Simulator 1”, with degrees of movement of: flexion 30° ± 4°, extension 43° ± 2°, left lateral movement 30° ± 2°, right lateral movement 32° ± 3°, left rotation 27° ± 2°, and right rotation 25° ± 2°. The reliability of this simulator was analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient, with a high reliability result. The results according to the axes were as follows: flexion-extension movement (0.937; p < 0.001), left-right lateral movement (0.893; p < 0.006), and left-right rotation (0.845; p = 0.006). Consequently, the pediatric simulator that we have adapted, allows us to determine the movement of the spinal cord in its cervical segment, with a very good degree of reliability.
Pediatric simulator; Traumatic spinal cord injury; Reliability; Adaptation
Javier Ruiz Casquet,Ana Nicolás Carrillo,María Isabel Hontoria Hernández,Pablo Rico Berbegal,Raquel Gordillo Martín,Laura Juguera Rodríguez,Mariana Ferrandini Price,Manuel Pardo Ríos. Adaptation and validation of a pediatric simulator to study the movement of the cervical spine. Signa Vitae. 2024. 20(3);34-38.
[1] Wang J, Yang M, Meng M, Li Z. Clinical characteristics and treatment of spinal cord injury in children and adolescents. Chinese Journal of Traumatology. 2023; 26: 8–13.
[2] Benmelouka A, Shamseldin LS, Nourelden AZ, Negida A. A review on the etiology and management of pediatric traumatic spinal cord injuries. Advanced Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2019; 4: e28.
[3] Dalle DU, Sriram S, Bandyopadhyay S, Egiz A, Kotecha J, Kanmounye US, et al. Management and outcomes of traumatic pediatric spinal cord injuries in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review. World Neurosurgery. 2022; 165: 180–187.e3.
[4] Alas H, Pierce KE, Brown A, Bortz C, Naessig S, Ahmad W, et al. Sports-related cervical spine fracture and spinal cord injury. Spine. 2021; 46: 22–28.
[5] Floan G, Ignacio RC, Mooney D. Traumatic spinal injuries in children. Pediatric Trauma Care. 2022; 59: 217–240.
[6] Cunha NSC, Malvea A, Sadat S, Ibrahim GM, Fehlings MG. Pediatric spinal cord injury: a review. Children. 2023; 10: 1456.
[7] Huisman TAGM, Wagner MW, Bosemani T, Tekes A, Poretti A. Pediatric spinal trauma. Journal of Neuroimaging. 2015; 25: 337–353.
[8] Dickman CA, Rekate HL, Sonntag VKH, Zabramski JM. Pediatric spinal trauma: vertebral column and spinal cord injuries in children. Pediatric Neurosurgery. 1989; 15: 237–256.
[9] Fiorentino JA, Molise C, Stach P, Cendrero P, Solla MM, Hoffman E, et al. Epidemiological study in patients admitted to “Ricardo Gutiérrez” children’s hospital. Archivos Argentinos de Pediatria. 2015; 113: 12–20. (In Spanish)
[10] Piatt JH. Pediatric spinal injury in the US: epidemiology and disparities. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics. 2015; 16: 463–471.
[11] Suarez E, Serrano A. Initial care for pediatric trauma. Pediatrics Continuing Annals. 2013; 11: 11–22. (In Spanish)
[12] Quirós-Espigares N, Ortiz-Tardío J. Traffic accidents in childhood. Vox Paediatrica. 2007; 15: 42. (In Spanish)
[13] Cantero-Garacochea I. Selective cervical immobilization in the conscious polytrauma patient. 2014. Available at: https://academica-e.unavarra.es/xmlui/handle/2454/11318 (Accessed: 30 July 2023).
[14] Subcommittee A. T. L. S., International ATLS Working Group. Spine and Spinal Cord Trauma. 10th edn. In: American College of Surgeons. (ATLS®) Advanced Trauma Life Support. American College of Surgeons: Chicago. 2018.
[15] MS R, Riffelmann M, Kunze-Szikszay N, Lier M, Schmid O, Haus H, et al. Vacuum mattress or long spine board: which method of spinal tabilization in trauma patients is more time consuming? A simulation study. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. 2021; 29: 46.
[16] Salimova ND, Salaeva MS, Mirakhmedova ShT, Boltaboev HK. Simulation training in medicine. Journal of Modern Educational Achievements. 2023; 3: 138–142.
[17] Nutbeam T, Fenwick R, May B, Stassen W, Smith JE, Bowdler J, et al. Assessing spinal movement during four extrication methods: a biomechanical study using healthy volunteers. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. 2022; 30: 7.
[18] Hontoria Hernández MI, Gordillo Martin R, Juguera Rodriguez L, Serrano Martinez FJ, Alonso Ibañez L, Rico Berbegal P, et al. Biomechanical analysis of cervical motion with a pediatric immobilization and extrication device. Pediatric Emergency Care. 2022; 38: e731–e733.
[19] Vásquez-Ucho PA, Villalba-Meneses GF, Pila-Varela KO, Villalba-Meneses CP, Iglesias I, Almeida-Galárraga DA. Analysis and evaluation of the systems used for the assessment of the cervical spine function: a systematic review. Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology. 2021; 45: 380–393.
[20] World Health Organization (WHO). “Child Growth Patterns” report. 2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/es/health-topics/child-growth#tab=tab_1 (Accessed: 30 July 2023).
[21] Del Rossi G, Horodyski M, Heffernan TP, Powers ME, Siders R, Brunt D, et al. Spine-board transfer techniques and the unstable cervical spine. Spine. 2004; 29: E134–E138.
[22] Prieto L, Lamarca R, Casado A. The assessment of reliability in clinical observations: the intraclass correlation coefficient. Medical Clinics. 1998; 110: 142–145. (In Spanish)
[23] Del-Moral I, Díaz-de-Terán JC, Rabanal JM, Quesada A, Rodríguez JC, Teja JL, et al. New training procedures in crisis and medical emergency management. In Quesada A, Rabanal JM, eds. Technical Procedures in Urgencies and Emergencies. Ergon SA: Madrid. 2003.
[24] Taggar K. Med students learn practice makes perfectt. The Medical Post. 2002; 38: 5.
[25] Habibi Arejan R, Asgardoon MH, Shabany M, Ghodsi Z, Dehghan HR, Sohrabi Asl M, et al. Evaluating prehospital care of patients with potential traumatic spinal cord injury: scoping review. European Spine Journal. 2022; 31: 1309–1329.
[26] Brannigan JFM, Dohle E, Critchley GR, Trivedi R, Laing RJ, Davies BM. Adverse events relating to prolonged hard collar immobilisation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Global Spine Journal. 2022; 12: 1968–1978.
[27] Liebsch C, Wilke H. Which traumatic spinal injury creates which degree of instability? A systematic quantitative review. The Spine Journal. 2022; 22: 136–156.
[28] Dixon M, O’Halloran J, Hannigan A, Kennan S, Cummins N. Confirmation of suboptimal protocols in spinal immobilization? Emergency Medicine Journal. 2015; 32: 939–945.
[29] Khetarpal S, Smith J, Weiss B, Bhattarai B, Sinha M. Pediatric cervical spine clearance and immobilization practice among prehospital emergency medical providers. Pediatric Emergency Care. 2021; 37: e474–e478.
[30] Nolte PC, Liao S, Kuch M, Grützner PA, Münzberg M, Kreinest M. Development of a new emergency medicine spinal immobilization protocol for pediatric trauma patients and first applicability test on emergency medicine personnel. Pediatric Emergency Care. 2022; 38: e75–e84.
Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch) Created as SCI in 1964, Science Citation Index Expanded now indexes over 9,200 of the world’s most impactful journals across 178 scientific disciplines. More than 53 million records and 1.18 billion cited references date back from 1900 to present.
Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition aims to evaluate a journal’s value from multiple perspectives including the journal impact factor, descriptive data about a journal’s open access content as well as contributing authors, and provide readers a transparent and publisher-neutral data & statistics information about the journal.
Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index The CAS Source Index (CASSI) Search Tool is an online resource that can quickly identify or confirm journal titles and abbreviations for publications indexed by CAS since 1907, including serial and non-serial scientific and technical publications.
Index Copernicus The Index Copernicus International (ICI) Journals database’s is an international indexation database of scientific journals. It covered international scientific journals which divided into general information, contents of individual issues, detailed bibliography (references) sections for every publication, as well as full texts of publications in the form of attached files (optional). For now, there are more than 58,000 scientific journals registered at ICI.
Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research The Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research (GFMER) is a non-profit organization established in 2002 and it works in close collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO). The overall objectives of the Foundation are to promote and develop health education and research programs.
Scopus: CiteScore 1.3 (2023) Scopus is Elsevier's abstract and citation database launched in 2004. Scopus covers nearly 36,377 titles (22,794 active titles and 13,583 Inactive titles) from approximately 11,678 publishers, of which 34,346 are peer-reviewed journals in top-level subject fields: life sciences, social sciences, physical sciences and health sciences.
Embase Embase (often styled EMBASE for Excerpta Medica dataBASE), produced by Elsevier, is a biomedical and pharmacological database of published literature designed to support information managers and pharmacovigilance in complying with the regulatory requirements of a licensed drug.
Top