Title
Author
DOI
Article Type
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Management of acute colonic diverticulitis in the general and surgical emergency departments
1Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1525 Ljubljana, Slovenia
2Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1104 Ljubljana, Slovenia
DOI: 10.22514/sv.2021.254 Vol.18,Issue 4,July 2022 pp.8-14
Submitted: 10 September 2021 Accepted: 26 October 2021
Published: 08 July 2022
*Corresponding Author(s): Jurij Janež E-mail: jurij.janez@kclj.si
Acute left colonic diverticulitis is a very common disease that primarily affects the older population in the Western world. The pathogenesis of acute inflammation of the diverticula may not be as simple as once thought, and the disease cascade could involve a combination of chronic inflammation and altered gut microbiota. Several lifestyle risk factors such as obesity, low-fibre diet, smoking, use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, inadequate physical activity and others have been associated with a higher risk for diverticulitis. It has been proven that uncomplicated diverticulitis in immunocompetent patients without systemic signs of infection can be treated symptomatically. Outpatient treatment with peroral antibiotics is effective for managing patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis and signs of systemic inflammation. New, less- invasive surgical options have been recognised as appropriate for a select group of patients with complicated diverticulitis. Laparoscopic lavage and drainage are suitable for abscesses where the bowel wall is intact. Resection with primary anastomosis with or without ileostomy is now considered an option for some patients that would historically have to undergo Hartmann’s procedure. The latter still remains the most common operating option even in tertiary referral centres around the world as it is suitable for more complicated cases and critically ill patients. Current evidence does not support routine colonoscopic evaluation for uncomplicated diverticulitis in younger patients without risk factors. Recurrent diverticulitis is now understood to be more benign than was previously thought. Elective resection of the sigmoid colon is therefore no longer a standard treatment for all patients with two or more episodes of acute diverticulitis.
Diverticulitis; Classification; Conservative treatment; Surgery; Follow-up
Jurij Janež,Gašper Horvat. Management of acute colonic diverticulitis in the general and surgical emergency departments. Signa Vitae. 2022. 18(4);8-14.
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